Economics

Effect of Health Expenditure on Labour Productivity in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of health expenditure on labour productivity in Nigeria. A mix of secondary data analysis and questionnaire responses from workers and health professionals was adopted. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression techniques. The findings revealed that public and household health expenditure improved worker health, reduced absenteeism, and enhanced productivity, while inadequate health investment imposed economic losses through illness and disability. The study observed high out-of-pocket health spending as a burden to households. It recommends increased public health financing, insurance coverage, and preventive health programmes.

2025 — Undergraduate

Determinants of Education Investment on Household Income in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of education investment on household income in Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with households across educational levels using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that investment in education, measured by years of schooling and quality of institutions, significantly raised household earnings and reduced income inequality, with strong returns to tertiary education. The study found that high education costs constrained access for low-income households. It recommends expanded access to quality and affordable education and alignment of skills with labour market demands.

2025 — Undergraduate

Determinants of Household Consumption Expenditure in Nigeria

This study examined the determinants of household consumption expenditure in Nigeria using survey data. A structured questionnaire was administered to households in selected states and data were analysed using regression techniques. The findings revealed that household income, size, education of the head, residence location, and price levels significantly influenced the level and composition of consumption expenditure. The study observed high expenditure shares on food among poor households. It recommends policies that raise household incomes, improve education, and stabilise food prices to enhance welfare.

2025 — Undergraduate

Application of Regression Analysis in Forecasting Inflation in Nigeria

This study applied regression analysis to forecast inflation in Nigeria using historical price and monetary data. Time series data on inflation, money supply, and exchange rates were analysed using econometric techniques including diagnostic tests. The findings revealed that monetary aggregates and exchange rate movements significantly explained variation in inflation, with the estimated models producing reasonably accurate short-run forecasts. The study observed structural breaks and data quality challenges that complicated long-run prediction. It recommends robust modelling approaches, improved data quality, and use of forecasting in policy planning.

2025 — Undergraduate

Determinants of Public Expenditure Efficiency in Nigeria

This study examined the determinants of public expenditure efficiency in Nigeria. Data gathered through questionnaire administration to budget officers and analysts were analysed together with review of budget documents. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that budget planning quality, institutional capacity, and oversight significantly influenced the efficiency with which public funds were translated into outcomes, while leakages and weak accountability reduced value for money. The study found inconsistent project prioritisation across administrations. It recommends results-based budgeting, strengthened public financial management, and independent oversight.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Taxation on Household Consumption in Nigeria

This study investigated the effect of taxation on household consumption in Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with households and small business operators using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that increases in indirect taxes such as value added tax shifted consumption patterns and reduced spending on non-essential goods, while perceptions of multiple taxation discouraged formal economic activity. The study found that tax burdens were regressive for low-income households. It recommends progressive tax design, tax education, and transparent use of tax revenue.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Environmental Regulations on Firm Compliance and Industrial Performance in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of environmental regulations on firm compliance and industrial performance in Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted with questionnaires administered to environmental managers and compliance officers in manufacturing firms. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that clearly defined and consistently enforced regulations improved compliance, while high compliance costs and weak monitoring reduced incentives among smaller firms. The study observed that proactive environmental investment enhanced reputation and long-run performance. It recommends proportionate regulation, technical support, and improved monitoring capacity.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Trade Policy on Export Performance in Nigeria

This study investigated the influence of trade policy on export performance in Nigeria. Time series data on tariffs, exchange rates, and export values were analysed together with questionnaire responses from exporters. Data were analysed using regression techniques. The findings revealed that trade facilitation measures, export incentives, and stable exchange rate policies positively influenced non-oil export performance, while tariff uncertainty and logistics bottlenecks constrained exports. The study observed heavy dependence on oil exports limited diversification. It recommends export promotion policies, enhanced trade infrastructure, and support for export-oriented industries.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of Natural Resource Management on Sustainable Development in Nigeria

This study assessed the effect of natural resource management on sustainable development in Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaire administration with secondary data analysis was adopted. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that poor regulation, overexploitation, and environmental degradation weakened the contribution of natural resources to sustainable development, while communities bore significant ecological costs. The study found that resource-dependent regions showed limited diversification. It recommends strengthened environmental regulation, sustainable extraction practices, and equitable benefit-sharing mechanisms.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Money Supply on Inflation in the Nigerian Economy

This study investigated the influence of money supply on inflation in the Nigerian economy. Time series data on money supply, inflation, and output were analysed using regression and cointegration techniques. The findings revealed that growth in money supply contributed to inflationary pressures, particularly when output growth lagged, while the effect was moderated by exchange rate movements and supply-side factors. The study observed lagged and sometimes unpredictable transmission of monetary impulses. It recommends prudent monetary management, coordination with fiscal policy, and attention to supply-side constraints driving inflation.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Trade Liberalisation on the Competitive Performance of Domestic Industries

This study examined the effect of trade liberalisation on the competitive performance of domestic industries in Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with managers of manufacturing and trading companies using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that import competition pressured domestic firms to improve efficiency and product quality, while inadequate infrastructure and high production costs undermined competitiveness against cheaper imports. The study found that firms without adjustment support lost market share. It recommends targeted industrial support, infrastructure improvement, and phased liberalisation policies.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Minimum Wage on Employment and Income Distribution in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of minimum wage on employment and income distribution in Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaire administration with interviews of employers, workers, and union officials was adopted. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings revealed that minimum wage adjustments improved income among low-paid workers and compressed wage dispersion, while employers expressed concerns about increased labour costs and reduced hiring in some sectors. The study observed that weak enforcement limited coverage in the informal sector. It recommends balanced minimum wage policy, prompt implementation, and improved compliance monitoring.

2025 — Undergraduate

Impact of Interest Rates on Savings and Investment Behaviour in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of interest rates on savings and investment behaviour in Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with savers, investors, and financial service users using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that higher deposit rates encouraged formal savings while high lending rates discouraged borrowing and investment, particularly among small firms and households. The study observed that inflation expectations moderated the response of savers to interest rates. It recommends policies that balance competitive deposit rates with affordable credit for productive investment.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Unemployment on Labour Market Outcomes Among Nigerian Youths

This study investigated the influence of unemployment on labour market outcomes among Nigerian youths. A descriptive survey design was adopted with questionnaires administered to graduates and job seekers in selected states. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that high unemployment was associated with longer job search periods, underemployment, and declining human capital as young workers accepted precarious informal work. The study found that skills mismatch and limited labour market information worsened outcomes. It recommends skills development, entrepreneurship support, and improved job matching mechanisms.

2025 — Undergraduate

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Development in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of foreign direct investment on economic development in Nigeria. Secondary data on FDI inflows, employment, and gross domestic product were analysed together with questionnaire responses from policy and investment analysts. Data were analysed using regression techniques. The findings revealed that FDI contributed to growth in certain sectors and facilitated technology transfer and employment, while its developmental benefits were limited by weak linkages and dependence on enclave sectors such as oil. The study observed that policy inconsistency discouraged productive investment. It recommends policy stability, infrastructure investment, and linkage-building with domestic firms.

2025 — Undergraduate

Determinants of Poverty Among Rural Households in South-Western Nigeria

This study examined the determinants of poverty among rural households in South-Western Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with rural households using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that education level, access to credit, land ownership, household size, and off-farm employment significantly influenced poverty status, with larger, less educated households more likely to be poor. The study found that lack of productive assets and shocks such as illness worsened poverty. It recommends investment in education, rural credit, and livelihood diversification.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Fiscal Policy on Economic Growth in Nigeria

This study investigated the effect of fiscal policy on economic growth in Nigeria. Time series data on government expenditure, taxation, and gross domestic product were analysed together with questionnaire responses from policy analysts. Data were analysed using regression techniques. The findings revealed that capital expenditure positively influenced growth while recurrent expenditure had a weaker effect, and heavy reliance on taxes dampened private sector activity. The study observed that fiscal inefficiency and corruption diluted policy impact. It recommends prioritising productive spending, strengthening revenue quality, and improving public expenditure efficiency.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Production Costs on the Supply of Agricultural Commodities in Nigeria

This study investigated the influence of production costs on the supply of agricultural commodities in Nigeria. A survey was conducted with farmers in selected producing areas using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that rising input costs such as fertiliser, fuel, and labour significantly constrained output expansion and household supply decisions, causing some farmers to reduce cultivated land. The study also found limited access to credit exacerbated cost pressures. It recommends input subsidies, affordable financing, and improved rural logistics to support agricultural supply.

2025 — Undergraduate

Impact of Inflation on Household Welfare in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of inflation on household welfare in Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted with questionnaires administered to households across income groups in selected states. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that persistent price rises eroded real incomes, reduced purchasing power, and lowered consumption and savings, with the poorest households bearing the heaviest burden. The study observed that food inflation was the major driver of welfare losses. It recommends targeted social protection, food security policies, and monetary measures to stabilise prices.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Price Changes on Consumer Demand for Staple Foods in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of price changes on consumer demand for staple foods in Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted with questionnaires administered to households in selected urban and rural markets. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that price increases significantly reduced demand for staple foods, with the effect being stronger among low-income households that shifted to cheaper substitutes. The study observed that price volatility was compounded by supply shocks. It recommends price stabilisation policies, improved market information, and targeted support for vulnerable households.

2025 — Undergraduate