Geography

Use of Remote Sensing in Monitoring Urban Growth in Nigeria

This study used remote sensing techniques to monitor urban growth in selected Nigerian cities. Multi-temporal satellite images were analysed to map changes in built-up areas over successive periods. The findings revealed rapid and largely unplanned urban expansion, with significant conversion of peripheral land and informal growth on city fringes. The study demonstrated the value of satellite imagery in tracking urban change at low cost. It recommends routine satellite-based monitoring and integration of remote sensing outputs into urban planning and development control.

2025 — Undergraduate

Determinants of Fertility Rates in Rural Communities of Nigeria

This study examined the determinants of fertility rates in rural communities of Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with women of reproductive age using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that education, age at marriage, family planning use, and household income significantly influenced fertility rates, with lower fertility among more educated and wealthier women. The study observed that cultural norms and limited access to family planning reinforced high fertility. It recommends expanded female education, family planning access, and reproductive health information.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Industrial Location on Regional Economic Development in Nigeria

This study investigated the influence of industrial location on regional economic development in Nigeria. Data on industrial establishments, employment, and infrastructural provision were analysed together with questionnaires administered to business and community respondents. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that industrial concentration stimulated local employment, income, and infrastructure in host regions, while areas without industries lagged behind. The study observed agglomeration effects favouring a few regions. It recommends deliberate industrial dispersal and the development of growth poles in underserved regions.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effectiveness of Regional Development Planning in Reducing Spatial Inequality in Nigeria

This study examined the effectiveness of regional development planning in reducing spatial inequality in Nigeria. Development records and questionnaire responses from planning officials and residents were analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that investment tended to concentrate in already advantaged regions, with limited diffusion of benefits to underserved areas, thereby perpetuating spatial inequality. The study found weak coordination among development agencies. It recommends needs-based resource allocation, coordinated regional strategies, and monitoring of spatial development outcomes.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Urbanisation on Rural-Urban Migration in Nigeria

This study investigated the influence of urbanisation on rural-urban migration in Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaires with interviews of migrants in selected cities was adopted. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings revealed that urban pull factors such as employment, education, and services, together with rural push factors such as limited opportunities, drove migration flows, contributing to urban growth and rural labour loss. The study observed concentration of migration among the youth. It recommends balanced regional development and improved rural livelihoods to moderate migration.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of Land Use Changes on Biodiversity in Nigeria

This study assessed the effect of land use changes on biodiversity in Nigeria. Vegetation surveys, land cover records, and questionnaire responses from community members were analysed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that conversion of natural habitats for agriculture, settlement, and infrastructure significantly reduced plant and animal diversity and fragmented ecosystems. The study observed that protected areas experienced encroachment. It recommends habitat conservation, restoration of degraded areas, and strengthening of protected area management.

2025 — Undergraduate

Application of Geographic Information Systems in Agricultural Land Suitability Analysis

This study applied Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyse agricultural land suitability in Nigeria. Soil, climate, slope, and land use datasets were combined using spatial analysis techniques to classify land into suitability categories. The findings revealed that significant portions of land were suitable for major crops subject to limitations such as drainage and soil fertility, while some areas were unsuitable. The study demonstrated the utility of GIS for informed land use planning. It recommends integration of GIS into agricultural extension and land use decision-making.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Industrial Pollution on Water Quality in Nigeria

This study examined the effect of industrial pollution on water quality in Nigeria. Water samples from rivers and streams around industrial areas were analysed together with questionnaires administered to nearby communities. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and comparison of quality parameters against standards. The findings revealed elevated levels of effluents, heavy metals, and organic load in water bodies near industries, rendering water unsafe for domestic use. The study observed weak effluent regulation and treatment compliance. It recommends enforcement of discharge standards, effluent treatment, and routine water quality monitoring.

2025 — Undergraduate

Spatial Analysis of Urban Population Growth and Housing Demand in Nigeria

This study conducted a spatial analysis of urban population growth and housing demand in selected Nigerian cities. Census data, settlement maps, and questionnaire responses from residents were analysed using descriptive statistics and spatial techniques. The findings revealed that rapid population growth and rural-urban migration significantly increased housing demand and pressure on low-cost accommodation, driving the growth of informal settlements. The study observed that housing supply lagged behind demand in both quantity and quality. It recommends integrated urban planning, affordable housing delivery, and improved land management.

2025 — Undergraduate

Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources Availability in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of climate change on water resources availability in Nigeria. Streamflow, rainfall, and temperature data were analysed together with questionnaire responses from water users. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and trend analysis. The findings revealed that changes in rainfall patterns and evapotranspiration affected river flows, dam levels, and groundwater recharge, intensifying water scarcity in the dry season. The study observed growing competition for water among domestic, agricultural, and industrial users. It recommends integrated water resource management, conservation, and climate adaptation strategies.

2025 — Undergraduate

Population Dynamics and Migration Patterns in Rural Areas of Nigeria

This study examined population dynamics and migration patterns in rural areas of Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with households in selected rural communities using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that out-migration of young people to urban centres significantly altered the age and gender structure of rural communities, reducing farm labour and accelerating population ageing. The study found that poor rural livelihoods and limited opportunities drove migration. It recommends improved rural infrastructure and livelihood diversification to reduce out-migration pressures.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Rainfall Variability on Crop Production in Nigeria

This study examined the influence of rainfall variability on crop production in Nigeria. Rainfall records were analysed alongside questionnaire responses from farmers in selected agricultural zones. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that irregular rainfall onset, dry spells, and excessive rains significantly affected planting dates, yields, and farming incomes. The study observed that farmers relied on indigenous knowledge but lacked adequate seasonal information. It recommends improved climate information services, stress-tolerant crop varieties, and irrigation support.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of Solid Waste Management Practices in Urban Areas of Nigeria

This study assessed solid waste management practices in urban areas of Nigeria. A descriptive survey was conducted with households, waste collectors, and environmental officers using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that collection coverage was inadequate, with significant volumes of waste disposed of indiscriminately, contributing to environmental and health problems. The study found limited recycling and weak enforcement of waste regulations. It recommends improved collection services, waste segregation and recycling incentives, and public awareness programmes.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Deforestation on Wildlife Habitats in Forest Reserves of Nigeria

This study investigated the effect of deforestation on wildlife habitats in selected forest reserves of Nigeria. Habitat assessments and questionnaire surveys of reserve staff and neighbouring communities were adopted. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that logging, farming encroachment, and poaching reduced habitat quality and wildlife populations within reserves. The study observed declining enforcement capacity and weak community engagement. It recommends strengthening reserve management, community-based conservation, and habitat restoration programmes.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of River Bank Erosion on Communities Along Major Rivers in Nigeria

This study assessed the impact of river bank erosion on communities located along major rivers in Nigeria. Field measurements, community interviews, and questionnaire surveys were used to examine rates of bank retreat and associated losses. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that bank erosion caused significant loss of farmland, displacement of households, and damage to infrastructure, accelerated by flow changes and poor channel management. The study found limited community-level adaptation. It recommends river modelling, protective measures, and resettlement planning for vulnerable communities.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of Land Degradation on Agricultural Productivity in Nigeria

This study examined the influence of land degradation on agricultural productivity in Nigeria. Field sampling of soil conditions was combined with questionnaires administered to farmers in affected areas. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that erosion, nutrient depletion, and soil compaction significantly reduced crop yields and increased farmers' production costs. The study observed that unsustainable farming practices and limited soil conservation worsened degradation. It recommends adoption of conservation farming, soil fertility management, and farmer training on sustainable land use.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of Traffic Congestion and Road Network Development in Urban Centres

This study assessed the relationship between traffic congestion and road network development in selected urban centres in Nigeria. Traffic counts, road condition surveys, and questionnaire responses from commuters were analysed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that limited road capacity, poor maintenance, and growth in private vehicle use significantly contributed to congestion and longer travel times. The study observed that the road network expanded more slowly than traffic demand. It recommends road network expansion, efficient public transport, and traffic management measures.

2025 — Undergraduate

Effect of Urban Sprawl on Land Use Change in Metropolitan Areas of Nigeria

This study assessed the effect of urban sprawl on land use change in metropolitan areas of Nigeria. Satellite imagery and land use records were analysed together with questionnaires administered to residents and planners. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and change detection methods. The findings revealed that sprawl converted agricultural and open land into residential and commercial uses, with consequences for food production and environmental quality. The study observed that weak development control facilitated uncontrolled expansion. It recommends land use planning, enforcement of zoning regulations, and promotion of compact urban development.

2025 — Undergraduate

Influence of Climate Variability on Weather Patterns in Nigeria

This study examined the influence of climate variability on weather patterns in Nigeria using long-term meteorological data from selected stations. Data on temperature, rainfall, and atmospheric conditions were analysed using descriptive statistics and trend analysis. The findings revealed noticeable shifts in rainfall onset, intensity, and temperature regimes across the study areas, with implications for agriculture, water resources, and human comfort. The study observed that variability was pronounced in the semi-arid zones. It recommends strengthening climate monitoring, improving seasonal forecasting, and enhancing community adaptation measures.

2025 — Undergraduate

Assessment of Deforestation Effects on Soil Erosion in Selected Forest Communities

This study assessed the effect of deforestation on soil erosion in selected forest communities in Nigeria. Field measurements and structured questionnaires were used to examine vegetation cover changes and erosion intensity. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that the removal of tree cover significantly increased soil loss, particularly on slopes, and accelerated gully development that damaged farmlands and settlements. Poor enforcement of forest regulations and fuelwood demand were identified as major drivers. The study recommends reforestation programmes, sustainable forest management, and community-based conservation initiatives.

2025 — Undergraduate